By Ali Abou Dashish and Nawal Sayed
CAIRO, Jan. 30 (SEE) - Saving antiques of Nubia Project, most notably Abu Simbel's two temples, is one of the greatest cultural and civilization projects in the 20th century worldwide.
Egyptian archeologist Hussein Bassir said that the city of Abu Simbel is located in southern Aswan on the West Bank of the Nile River in the Egyptian Nubia near Egypt's international border with the State of Sudan.
Two rock-hewn temples were built in Abu Simbel, dating back to the reign of Pharaoh Ramses II of the Nineteenth Dynasty of the modern Pharaonic state.
The Great Temple of Abu Simbel was one of four temples built during the reign of King Ramses II as one unit. The other three are the Wadi Al-Sibu'a Temple (the seat of the Amun Ra), the Temple of Durr (the seat of the Ra-Hor Akhti) and the Temple of Garf-Hussein.
The pharaoh Ramses II ordered engineers to begin building the Abu Simbel temples in the early years of his reign and were completed in the twenty-fifth year of his long reign.
The Great Abu Simbel Temple
The great Abu Simbel Temple overlooks Lake Nasser in a magnificent view, rarely to be repeated in another place where a clear blue sky, pure water and the crystal desert sands of Egypt are combined with dark temple rocks and green trees and plants in the region.
The temple is considered as one of the masterpieces of architecture in ancient Egypt.
An earthquake in ancient times affected the two statutes of Ramses II at the entrance, resulting in the fall of the upper part of the southern statue, while the northern statue suffered less damage than the previous statue and was restored during the reign of one of the successors of King Ramses II, King Citi II at the end of the 19th Dynasty.
One of the most remarkable features of the Temple of Abu Simbel is the penetration of the sunbeam of the temple door to shake the face of Ramses II twice each year in a geometric and astronomical phenomenon that is constantly dazzling.
This confirms the genius of ancient Egypt, which has many evidence that still puzzles the whole world.
The phenomenon of the sun on the face of the statue of King Ramses II is a unique event awaited by lovers of Egypt worldwide.
The Queen Nefertari Temble
The Little Abu Simbel Temple, known as the most beautiful woman's temple, is located next to the great temple of her famous pharaoh husband Ramses II.
Numerous statues were carved in the facade of the temple, representing the great king and his beautiful wife, who dazzled the world in ancient times and modernity with her beauty and attractiveness.
Nefertari became the main wife of King Ramses II, despite the multiplicity of his marriages and entreaties.
Nefertari was the mother of six sons of King Ramses II. Because he loved her so much, he ordered to establish a magnificent cemetery for her in the Valley of the Queens.
The Valley of the Queens region had many names in the ancient times such as the "Great Valley", "Southern Valley" and "Ta Set Nifro" which means the Place of Beauty."
Organized scientific excavations began in 1903 by the arrival of the famous Italian Ernesto Seciaparelli (1856-1928) - the director of the Egyptian Museum in Turin – who was granted a permission to excavate in the Valley. He succeeded in discovering the tomb of the beautiful Queen Nefertari.
Since the discovery of this beautiful cemetery, it has been considered as one of the most beautiful tombs created by the imagination of ancient Egyptians. The paintings on the walls and corridors are a 520-square-meter beauty.
When Sekiabarelli discovered it in 1904, it opened the door to one of the most beautiful artistic creations in the world through the history of human art and for one of the most beautiful and tombs coming from Pharaonic Egypt.
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