Founded by Hassan Al-Banna in 1928, the Muslim Brotherhood was considered a social movement that came into existence following the collapse of the Ottoman empire.
The movement witnessed a golden era under the rule of King Farouk of Egypt. It managed to spread across Egypt and the rest of the world in a steady momentum until its first crackdown in 1954 under late President Gamal Abdel Nasser.
During late President Anwar Sadat's rule, detention camps were abolished and the movement spread furiously until his assassination in 1981. The Muslim Brotherhood worked on restructuring themselves and started to engage extensively into political life during the era of former President Hosni Mubarak.
From constructing hospitals to building schools, they played a key role in the social lives of many Egyptians. They supported the poor and thus always received their votes to control workers and students unions. In their own understanding of Islam, religion should engage in all aspects of life, including political, social and economic.
Following the 2011 revolution, the Brotherhood leader Khairat El-Shater was keen to run for presidential elections. Disproved by the electoral commission, Mohamed Morsi, who escaped prison during the events, replaced him. Shifting away from everything, which was related to Mubarak, the Brotherhood won the elections.
However, ruling the country was a different story. They have been accused of amending the constitution towards dictatorship, in which Morsi's ruling can not be questioned. In addition, they have occupied all sensitive offices in the country in an attempt to control all public sector to apply the so-called "Sharia."
The army, led by then-Defense Minister Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi, along with liberals and Copts, were concerned about the hegemony of the Brotherhood's rule.
In July 2013, the army ousted Morsi, and halted the constitution, resulting in the pision of the group into several fragments. later that year, the Freedom and Justice Party was outlawed, after being linked to terror attacks in Cairo, and the Sinai peninsula. In the years to come, the organization was characterized as a terrorist group in Egypt and elsewhere.
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Morsi behind bars at a court wearing the red uniform[/caption]
Having strived to convince young members to resist the status quo, almost all of its leaders are either in jail or abroad. Al Banna's plan was to direct the Muslim inpidual to lead his family and society, forming a Muslim state that will unite with other states, reaching "mastery of the world."
Many youth members have shifted their path away from the group's ideologies, while others believe they will encounter other methods to secure the Islamization of the country. On the other hand, Egyptians are considering themselves religious by nature and it was unacceptable for any organization to govern them in the name of religion.
In the same context, countless members abandoned the group after the 2013 revolution, opposing the dominance of their leaders, who were held accountable for the group's failure.
In the year 2018, the judiciary system held mass trials of Brotherhood members, giving them death sentences after finding them guilty of terror plots. Morsi was accused of treason, having sent serious information that threatens the Egyptian national security to Qatar.
Meantime, self-exiled Brotherhood leaders are still using the same ideological framework of communication ahead of the 2013 revolution.
They use Turkey, Qatar and the UK as a stage to attack the Egyptian system with false accusations of violence, claiming that they are acting against Egypt’s national interests.
While most Egyptians focus on the African Cup of Nations (AFCON), Morsi's death has led to mourning in countries that support the terrorist group.
Some of the Brotherhood’s supporters, who had believed that Morsi might one day return to power, have given up their hopes, bringing chances even further away for them to play any role in shaping the Egyptian public opinion in the times to come.
Egypt’s former president Mohamed Morsi's death in a Cairo court on June 17 has brought an end to the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and a near-end elsewhere, leading to the closure of a bloody chapter in the country's modern history.
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