An earring is a piece of jewellery dangling loosely from the earlobe.
And it is equipped with a hook or a simple hoop that is adapted to a piercing in the earlobe by adding a crooked part or is attached to the earlobe (not dangling).
The earring also may be attached to the ear with a pressure clip (clip), or a nail with a screw.
Wearing earrings is one of the oldest customs circulated throughout history to decorate the body.
In eastern cultures, women usually wear earrings only, while in Western cultures, earrings are worn by both genders.
One of the most common earrings that spread in Egypt at the beginning of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is the "waterwheel" earring, or as the goldsmiths indicate that its name is “shield”, and it is the same as the “waterwheel” ornament that was mentioned in the head jewellery mentioned by “Edward Lane” in His book "The Customs and Traditions of the Modern Egyptians", which was issued in two volumes in 1836.
This earring was attached to the front or sides of the head, and it consisted of a round body composed of several parts in the middle of a wire flower.
And nine round-shaped pieces hung from the bottom of the earring, and it was made of copper coated with a layer of gold.
A number of companies such as al-Gamal (camel), Al-Zarafah (giraffe), and Al-Samakah (fish) appeared in the local market at the beginning of the twentieth century and specialized in gold-plated items, and the price of the hearing was about 120 piasters.
A "triangle" earring was an equilateral triangle is, the length of the three sides is 20 mm, and the triangular shape is formed from beads welded next to each other.
The Egyptian woman in the countryside wore an earring called “Al-Hussein lattice”, made of gold-plated copper, and its price was approximately 120 piasters.
This earring was a circle with two rectangular holes in the middle and formed with copper wires, and the two holes were called “Al-Hussein lattice”, and seven hand-forms were hung at the bottom.
As well as the earring of Solomon's Ring, which was made of copper plated with gold, in the form of a six-pointed star of wire, and the inner corner of the star converged a circle of wire, inside which was a flower of thin wire, consisting of eight petals inside each petal one eye of the wire.
And the “dagger earring”, also appeared in the early years of the twentieth century which is a flat piece of copper and it is in the form of a semi-circle in the upper part and is dragged in a triangular shape arched downward.
And it is among the popular ornaments kept within the headquarters of the Hallmark Authority in 1918 AD.
The “fan” earring consists of a circle, the upper half of it is ornamented by copper wires, and the earring ends with a wire that is curved downwards.
And the earring has a hole in its lower half that resembles a crescent, and a flat piece attached to it is tied by two movable and fan-like beads, and seven hand-forms are suspended from the bottom of the earring.
The "Surrah (bundle)" earring, which is a round shape, is placed on a base that represents a cross formed in the middle of the circle of the stretched wire, surrounded by four semi-circles (crescents) that are welded to the ends of the cross from the same wire, and seven paws are hanging from the bottom of the earring.
The Egyptian woman wore the “crescent” earring, which is of two types, an ordinary crescent and an engraved crescent, and a crescent wire earring.
The weight of the crescent earring ranges between 7 and 15 grams.
The women in underprivileged areas in Egypt wore different types of earrings, including the “Shanaf Al-Naf (in English nose-ring)” earring called “Khuzam”, which is used by a few Carnie women of the lower classes, and many rural women in towns and villages in Egypt.
This earring is usually made of copper, with a diameter of from an inch to an inch and a half, three or more beads of red and blue coloured glass are usually attached to it, and it is always placed on the right side of the nose, and part of it hangs in front of the mouth.
Therefore, the wearer of the nose-ring is forced to hold it in one hand when she puts something in her mouth, and the lavender may be made of gold.
Among the earrings, a "crescent- pyramid" earring, which is a hollow crescent pyramidal earring, made of gold, the earring ring is round in the shape of a crescent, above the pyramid.
After that, other, more popular types of earrings spread within the local market, including the “Umm Kulthum” earring, which consists of a group of dangling chains, and each of the earrings includes 5 chains, the “Officer’s Button” earring, which consists of a lined star, and the “Blamont” earring.
It is in the shape of a six-pointed star, a "sugar cone" earring, consisting of a conical shape, a "bag" earring consisting of rows of hanging chains, and a "macaroni" earring, shaped like a round pipe.
"Sherihan's" earring is made of 18 karat gold, and consists of thin coloured chains hanging horizontally, and is equipped with a screw used to fix the earring to the earlobe.
A group of strange earrings spread in the markets, at the end of the twentieth century, including the “Old Boys” earring, which is a single inpidual piece, and worn by boys and spread in popular areas.
Translated by Ahmed Moamar
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