Since the outbreak of the war in Gaza two years ago, Spain has taken a leading position among European countries in defending Palestinian rights, taking a series of decisive decisions that marked a clear shift in its foreign policy toward Israel.
From formally recognizing the State of Palestine, to imposing restrictions on arms exports and banning products from Israeli settlements, to providing urgent humanitarian support to the people of Gaza, Madrid has charted a diplomatic and humanitarian path that balances political pressure with practical aid.
In this context, the 10 most prominent decisions and measures taken by the Spanish government during the two years of the war reflect its desire to make a tangible impact on the ground and restore the Palestinian cause to the forefront of the European and international agenda.
The first of these decisions was a formal decision recognizing the State of Palestine, followed by a comprehensive ban on the export of weapons and military equipment to Israel, which was formally reinforced through a legal decree.
In addition, it prohibited ships carrying fuel intended for the Israeli armed forces from entering Spanish ports, prohibited aircraft transporting military equipment to Israel from using Spanish airspace, prohibited the import of products produced in illegal settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and restricted consular services for Spanish citizens residing in the settlements to the legal minimum.
Spain also broadly supported the summoning of the Israeli Chargé d'Affaires to protest Israel's actions, particularly regarding the interception of the Sodom flotilla.
Spain increased humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip, including financial support for UN agencies such as UNRWA, allocated a larger budget for aid and cooperation with the Palestinian Authority, and imposed sanctions on individuals involved in war crimes or violations by preventing them from entering Spanish territory.