Days before the new year 2025, the global economy continues to develop at an amazing speed, as the global GDP is expected to reach $115 trillion, and the major countries dominate this huge economy, with the United States continuing to top the list for more than a hundred years, followed by China, which maintains its position as the second largest economy in the world, but the numbers do not stop here, as the ranking of countries is witnessing noticeable changes, with the rise of Asian economies such as India, which has begun to threaten Japan's position.
In this report, we take a detailed tour through the figures of the economies of major countries and growth expectations in light of the various geopolitical and economic challenges.
By 2025, the global GDP will exceed the 115 trillion dollar mark, according to estimates by the International Monetary Fund, and the US economy continues to top the list, outperforming all other countries by up to $30.3 trillion.
However, expectations indicate that there will be significant changes in the ranking of countries in terms of economic size, as China remains in second place with $19.5 trillion.
The 10 Largest Economies in 2025
According to the GDP of each country, the United States remains the largest economy in the world, and in 2025 it will maintain the lead at $30.3 trillion, followed by China with a GDP of $19.5 trillion, then Germany with $4.9 trillion, and then Japan in fourth place with a GDP of $4.3 trillion.
In fifth place comes India with a GDP expected to reach $4.2 trillion, followed by the United Kingdom with about $3.7 trillion, then France in seventh place with about $3.2 trillion, followed by Italy with about $2.4 trillion.
In ninth place comes Canada among the largest economies in the world by GDP, with an estimated amount of $2.3 trillion, followed by Brazil in tenth place with about $2.3 trillion.
Global Economic Growth
The global economy is growing at a rate of 3.2%, thanks to economic stimulus measures such as interest rate cuts in the US and Europe, but geopolitical tensions remain a potential threat, especially in light of the ongoing crises in Ukraine and Gaza, which are weighing on global markets.
However, economies such as Germany and India are looking to move forward in the coming years, with India expected to overtake Japan by 2026, and the US and China accounting for two-thirds of global GDP, reflecting their huge economic power.
Australia is expected to continue its impressive growth to overtake Spain, while Brazil is expected to continue to strengthen its position among the major economies in the near future.
Change in the ranking of major economies
There have been changes in the top five recently, with Germany ($4.9 trillion) overtaking Japan ($4.4 trillion) in 2024 to become the third largest economy.
Meanwhile, India ($4.3 trillion) has overtaken the UK ($3.7 trillion) to become the fifth-largest economy since 2020.
The three countries are expected to hold their positions through 2026 – with India set to overtake Japan for fourth place, followed by Germany for third in 2028.
Australia, meanwhile, is set to overtake Spain for 13th place this year, while Brazil is expected to take eighth place by 2028.
The IMF expects global economic growth to continue at 3.2%, helped by interest rate cuts and falling inflation in key markets in the US and Europe.
Geopolitical risks remain a lurking threat to growth – Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, previously the main catalyst for Europe’s post-pandemic inflation, will enter its third year in February.
It has already been a year since the latest Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which drew in neighboring Lebanon and Yemen and disrupted major shipping routes.
Meanwhile, Syria remains in the spotlight after rebels toppled the government of Bashar al-Assad in Damascus, ending a 24-year rule.
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